• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Method and device for purifying reactor tank water in a compact reactor by placing a cleaning device (cleaner) in a partition wall in the reactor gap, which continuously separates the operation of the sub-reactor from contaminant particles from the reactor tank water. The reactor tank water to be purified flows through the purifier. The flow through the cleaner is driven by the pressure drop over the core. This results in a fast and efficient purification of reactor tank water. Furthermore, the location of the cleaner in the drop gap means that it can easily be taken out for emptying particles during the annual inspection.
    公开号:SE0901071A1
    申请号:SE0901071
    申请日:2009-08-10
    公开日:2011-02-11
    发明作者:Torgny Lagerstedt
    申请人:Torgny Lagerstedt Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The circulation flow is maintained by main circulation pumps (HC pumps). The HC pumpsmay be located in the reactor tank or outside the reactor tank. The pressure drop across the core isduring operation about 1.5 bar. For a reactor with a thermal power of 3.9 gigawatts (GW) and oneelectric power of 1.3 GW, the fate of the HC pumps is about 16 m3 / s.
    To minimize the radiation load on the environment, the reactor tank water must be keptvery clean. Pollutant particles that circulate with the fate of the circulation pass throughhardens and is exposed to neutron radiation and becomes highly radioactive. The particles can thenfor a reactor of BWR type follow the steam to the turbines which gives a contamination ofturbines, radiators, medium superheaters and feed water pumps. The pollutant particles canpossibly be: metal shavings of various kinds, residues from welding and grinding, droppedobjects such as glasses, mobile phones, pens (or parts thereof).
    However, one of the major problems with the pollutants is that they cause damagethe fuel rods in the reactor core. Damage is caused by contaminant particles inthe reactor tank water wears on the zirconium fuel housing. Especially troublesome injuriesoccurs when particles get stuck inside the core structure. Fluid flow-induced vibrationson the particles stuck in the core structure causes holes in the fuel housing.
    Corrosion products from metallic materials in the reactor can also get stuckthe enclosure of the fuel elements and react chemically with the enclosure and damagethe enclosure. Damage to a hole in the fuel housing causes damage to the housing equipmentwith uranium isotopes and fission products leaking into the reactor tank water. The radiation level inthe reactor tank water is monitored continuously and when the radiation reaches a certain level indicatesthis leakage from the fuel housing. The reactor must then be shut down to replace itdamaged fuel rod. One of the main reasons for unplanned and costly stops is preciselydamage to the fuel housing caused by contaminants in the reactor tank water.
    A number of pollutant particles are added to the reactor tank during the annual audit ofthe nuclear power plant. During the audit, the reactor is shut down and usually extensivework in reactor tank, pumps, piping, valves. This means i.a. welding and grinding workwhich, despite extensive cleanliness measures, adds contaminants to the system. Even during operationcontaminant particles are added to the reactor water.
    A filter is currently used for purification and for conditioning (ion exchange) of the reactor tank waterwhich is located outside the reactor tank. A water waste is continuously conducted under the reactoroperation out of the reactor for purification in the filter outside the reactor tank. The water flow is purified andthe thought is returned. The degree of purification of the filter can itself be high, but the relatively low fl throughputthe filter and the location of the sockets mean that large particles do not follow the fate into the filter.
    The particles remain in the reactor tank and circulate with the fate of the circulation through the core.
    With a main circulation fl of 16 m3 / s and a tank volume of 500 m3 is convertedthe reactor tank water about 155 times per hour (750,000 times per year). Onepollutant particles that are not separated thus pass the core in a very large numbertimes. As previously mentioned, the reactor core contains fuel rods with a totallength of 170 km. This length and the large number of times a contaminant particlePassing the core gives a high probability that fuel damage will be caused bycirculating or stuck contaminant particles in the core structure.
    Summary of the inventionA primary object of the present invention is an improved method of purificationreactor tank water in nuclear power reactors. A procedure is distinguished for this purposeaccording to the invention of the features stated in claim 1 where the pressure difference abovethe partition, which separates the high and low pressure sides of the drop gap, drives a flow through aor several cleaning devices placed in said partition. The treatment deviceThe function is to separate pollutant particles that are added from the reactor tank waterreactor during operation and partly added to the annual audit.
    According to the invention, the cleaning device (cleaner) is placed in the partition wall inthe fall gap and works with partial flow purification. During part ren fate purification, part fl destiny circulatesthe main circulation fl fate through the cleaner and is cleaned in the cleaner. The size of part fl fateis determined by how quickly you want to separate particles from the reactor tank water and howmuch of the main circulation fl fate that is allowed to go through the cleaner. Here it can be noted thatthe part fl destiny needed to reduce the amount of pollutants in a short time is quite highlow in relation to the fate of the main circulation.. A reduction in the fate of the main circulationwith this relatively low part fl fate does not affect the cooling of the hearth. The reactor tank volume is approx500 m3 and a part fl fate of 10 m3 / h through the cleaner reduces the existing amount of particles inthe reactor tank water on with 80% in 100 hours. The cleaner is assumed to have a high efficiencyand almost 100% of the particles entering the cleaner are assumed to be separated in the cleaner.
    The main circulation through the core is about 16 m3 / s (57,600 m3 / h). A reduction ofthe main circulation fl fate of 10 m3 / h has a negligible effect on the cooling of the hearth.
    The particles separated in the cleaner are retained in the cleaner. The location of the cleaner in the drop gaphas the advantage that the cleaner can easily be taken out for emptying in connection with the annualthe audit shutdown during which the reactor tank is opened and the internal parts of the reactor becomeavailable.
    The invention also relates to a device for effecting this purification according to thefeatures specified in claim 2. There, the device consists of a cleaner in the form of afilter with silver effect with placement in the partition in the drop gap. By silver effect is meant herethat particles are separated from a liquid stream by the liquid passing through a filter (a strainer) whichconsists of narrow passages that separate particles that are larger than the selected hole size in the filter(silen).
    The invention also relates to a device for effecting this purification according to thefeatures as claimed in claim 3. Where the device consists of a filter with silver actiondesigned as an outer silk basket with an inlet pipe extending axially through the silk basket.
    The silk action in the silk basket separates and retains particles in the silk basket.
    The invention also relates to a device for effecting this purification according to thefeatures as claimed in claim 4. There the device consists of a cleaner as bycentri fi igalverkan separates and retains particles. The cleaner is placed in the drop gap inthe partition.
    The invention also relates to a device for effecting this purification according to thefeatures as claimed in claim 5. There the device consists of a cyclone as throughcentrifugal action separates and retains particles.
    The invention also relates to a device for effecting this purification in a reactor ofBWR type and with internal circulation pumps according to the features specified in claim 6.
    There, the device consists of a centrifugal cleaner which has been integrated in one ofthe circulation pumps. Centrifugal action in the periphery of the circulation pump separates andretains particles.
    Brief description of the figuresFigure 1 shows a schematic side view of a reactor tank with an extreme circulation pumps(only one circulation pump is shown) and with a cleaner location according to the invention.
    Figure 2 shows a schematic side view of a reactor tank with an internal circulation pumps(only one circulation pump is shown) and with a cleaner location according to the invention.
    Figure 3 shows a cleaner in the form of an alter with placement in the drop gap.
    Figure 4 shows a schematic drawing of a cleaner in the form of an alter with an outer silk basket andan inner axial inlet pipe. The cleaner is located in the partition wall in the drop gapFigure 5 shows a schematic drawing of a cleaner in the form of a cyclone placed inthe fall gap.
    Figure 6 shows a schematic drawing of a cleaner in the form of a centrifugal cleaner integratedin an internal circulation pump.
    Detailed description of preferred embodimentsFigure 1 schematically shows a light water reactor 1 with an extreme circulation system 2 forcooling of the core 3 which is located in the moderator tank 16. In a reactor a number is usedcirculation loops, one of which is shown in Figure 1. In the core 3, reactor water is heated bythe fission process in the fuel elements 4. In a Boiling Water Reactor (BWR)as shown in Figure 1, the water circulating through the hearth is heated to boiling. The pressure inthe reactor is 70 bar and the temperature of the steam is 270 degrees Celsius. The steam that is formedduring passage through the hearth 3 is separated from the water by those on the moderator tank 5placed the steam separators 6. The steam then passes the dehumidifiers 7 and is led up tothe steam engine 8 and on to the turbines via the steam lines 9. The reactor is closed bythe reactor tank cap 10. When changing fuel and servicing internal reactor parts, liftthe reactor tank 10 of which the interior of the reactor is accessible. The pump 11 which is driven bythe motor 12 pumps a destructive circuit through the core. Reactor tank water for circulationis taken from the upper side 13 of the partition wall 14 which is located in the drop gap 15. The drop gap 15consists of the space between the moderator tank 16 and the reactor tank wall 17.
    The circulation flow from circulation system 2 is pressed into the underside of the partition wall 14 ithe lower part 18 of the drop gap and flows further through the core 3. The flow arrow 20indicates the flow direction in the circulation circuit. The pressure drop across the core 3 is belowoperation of reactor with fi ill reactor power approx. 1.5 bar. The pressure drop across the partition wall 14 isconsequently also 1.5 bar.
    Feed water, condensed steam, is returned to the reactor tank via the drop gap 15. Stir for thisor feedwater systems with feedwater pumps are not shown in Figure 1.
    In order to effectively purify reactor tank water according to the invention, one or more purifiers 19 are connectedin the partition wall 14 present in the drop gap 15. The pressure difference across the partition wall 14upper side 13 and below side 18 are about 1.5 bar and this pressure drives a fl fate through the cleaner19 which is shown schematically in Figure 1. The flow direction through the cleaner 19 is shown withflow arrow 21.
    Figure 2 schematically shows a light water reactor 1 with an internal circulation system withinternal circulation pumps. An embodiment according to Figure 2 is an embodiment that is preferred formodem BWR reactors to avoid the extreme piping g as an externalcirculatory system entails. Extreme pipes increase the risk of severe reactor failures when brokenthe coarse pipes used in the external pipe system cause loss of cooling effect andthus risk of severe heart damage. Figure 2 schematically shows a surface water age 1 with oneinternal circulation system with motor 26, pump shaft 28 extending throughthe reactor tank wall 17, the impeller 25 and the pump housing 27. The circulation system coolsthe core 3 which is located in the moderator tank 16. In a reactor a number is usedcirculation loops, one of which is shown in Figure 2. In the core 3, reactor water is heated offthe fission process in the fuel elements 4. In a Boiling Water Reactor (BWR)as shown in figure 2, the water circulating through the hearth is heated up to boiling. The pressure inthe reactor is 70 bar and the temperature of the steam is 270 degrees Celsius. The steam that is formedduring passage through the hearth 3 is separated from the water by those on the moderator tank 5placed the steam separators 6. The steam then passes through the fi icts 7 and is passed on tothe steam engine 8 and on to the turbines via the steam lines 9. The reactor is closed bythe reactor tank cap 10. When changing fuel and servicing internal reactor parts, liftthe reactor tank 10 of which the interior of the reactor is accessible. Impeller 25 driven bythe motor 26 pumps a destructive circuit through the core. Impeller 25 with surroundingpump housing 27 extends through the partition wall 14. Reactor tank water for circulation is takenfrom the upper side 13 of the partition wall 14 which is located in the drop gap 15. The drop gap 15consists of the space between the moderator tank 16 and the reactor tank wall 17.
    The flow arrow 29 indicates the flow direction in the circulation circuit. Pressure drop overthe core 3 is in operation of the reactor with full reactor power is 1.5 bar. Pressure drop overthe partition wall 14 is consequently also 1.5 bar.
    In order to effectively purify reactor tank water according to the invention, one or more purifiers 19 are connectedin the partition wall 14 present in the drop gap 15. The pressure difference across the partition wall 14upper side 13 and below side 18 are about 1.5 bar and this pressure drives a fl fate through the cleaner19 which is shown schematically in Figure 2. The flow direction through the cleaner 19 is shown withflow arrow 21.
    Feed water, condensed steam, is returned to the reactor tank via the drop gap 15. Stir for thisor feedwater systems with feedwater pumps are not shown in Figure 2.
    Figure 3 shows a cleaner 30 according to claim 2 placed in the drop gap 15. The cleaner 30connects to the partition wall 14 via the inlet pipe 34. In the cleaner 30, the cleaning takes place throughsilver action through the filter element 31. The filter element 31 is designed so that particles throughthe silver action in the filter element is separated from the reactor water which is symbolized bythe flow arrow 32 which also shows the direction of flow through the cleaner 30. Medsilverkan means that water with particles flows into a number of narrow passages inThe filter element 31, whereby particles are captured. The filter element is enclosed inthe filter chamber 33 having an inlet pipe 34 and an outlet pipe 35 and ainlet chamber 36 and an outlet chamber 37.
    The pressure drop across the partition wall 14, which is of the order of 1.5 bar, drives the flowgCIIOm the cleaner.
    Figure 4 shows a side view of a cleaner 74 according to claim 3. The cleaner 74 connects tothe partition wall 14 via the inlet pipe 72. The cleaner 74 separates your contaminant particles fromreactor tank water through the screen in the outer screen basket 70 which has a lower bottom 71and an inner inlet pipe 72. Water to be purified flows in through the inlet pipe 72 withflow direction according to flow arrow 73. An embodiment according to figure 4 has a large surface areathus a high receptivity for particles. The time between emptying the cleaner canthus made long. The axial extension of the inlet pipe 72 through the silk basket 70 also provides itthe advantage that separated contaminant particles are retained in the cleaner. Problem withremixing can occur at varying flow and then especially in transient processes thereThe HC pumps are shut down. In these cases, short-term reversal may occur, i.e.fl the direction of fate through the cleaner turns. This poses a risk of already separated particlesflows back and remixes in the reactor tank. Axial extension of the inlet pipe 72through the silk basket 70 prevents this remixing.
    Figures 5a and 5b show a side view and top view a cleaner 40 according to claim 5 located inthe drop gap 15 and which connects to the partition wall 14 via the inlet pipe 41. Figure 5a shows10schematic a cyclone-type cleaner where liquid to be purified flows in throughthe inlet pipe 41 which carries reactor tank water into the upper cyclone chamber 42 via thetangentially located inlet 43. The flow direction into the inlet pipe 41 is indicated bythe flow arrow 44. The tangential inlet 43 with the flow arrow 45 is shown clearly inFigure 5b. The tangential inflow causes the water to rotate in the cyclone chamber42 and heavier particles are thrown by centrifugal action against the outer wall 46.
    The particles are driven by the internal flow in the cyclone chamber 42 and the cone 47 down intothe particulate collection chamber 48. The purified water is discharged through the central outlet49.
    Figure 6a shows a side view with a schematic view of one of the circulation pumps in oneBWR with internal circulation pumps. Figure 6a shows the impeller 50 with the pump blades51 and the sleeve 52 rotating with the pump blade. The impeller 50 is located thereinstationary (non-rotating) pump housing 27 located in the partition wall 14.
    Figure 6b shows a side view of a cleaner 67 where a cleaner with centrifugal action according tothe invention in claim 6 has been integrated in one of the internal circulation pumps withthe impeller 60 with the pump blades 61. The cleaner 67 is placed in the partition wall 14 androtates in the stationary pump housing 27. Water to be purified passes it with the impellerco-rotating centrifugal chamber 62. Centrifugal action in the centrifugal chamberwill separate heavier particles which are deposited against that impeller 60co-rotating wall 63. The particles are retained in the centrifugal chamber 62 by theschematically shown the retaining elements 64. The water flow is driven throughcentrifugal chamber 62 of the pressure difference across the pump. The pressure difference that drivesfl the fate through the centrifugal chamber 62 corresponds to the driving pressure across the core 3. Main fl fateand flow direction through the pump is indicated by the flow arrow 65. The partial flow ofreactor tank water to be purified in the centrifugal chamber 62 is indicated by the flow arrow66.
    权利要求:
    Claims (3)
    [1]
    Claim 1) A method of purifying reactor tank water in the reactor tank in the reactor tank from solid particles suspended in the reactor tank water, the reactor tank comprising a reactor tank 1 with external or internal main circulation pumps, a hearth 3 with fuel element 4 between the reactor port gap 16 and which form a flow path for the circulation of the circulation, furthermore there is a partition wall 14 in the drop gap 15 which separates the low pressure side 13 of the hearth 3 from the high pressure side 18 of the hearth 3, characterized in that one or more cleaning means 19 are placed in the partition wall 14. the purification means purifies the reactor tank water from polluting solid particles.
    [2]
    2) Device for purifying reactor tank water in the reactor tank from solid solids suspended in the reactor tank water in a nuclear power reactor, the reactor tank comprising a reactor tank 1 with external alternatively internal main circulation pumps, a hearth 3 with fuel elements 4 where there is a trap port 16 between forms a flow path for the circulation fl, further there is a partition wall 14 in the drop gap 15 which separates the low pressure side 13 of the hearth from the high pressure side 18 of the hearth and that a cleaning means 19 is placed in the partition wall 14, the pressure difference across said partition wall particles characterized in that the purification means 19 consists of an filter comprising the screen means 31 which by means of a filter action purifies reactor tank water which passes through the screen means.
    [3]
    Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the purification means 19 consists of an alter with the screen basket 70 and the inlet pipe 72 extending axially through the screen basket 70. 4) Device for purifying reactor tank water in a nuclear reactor in the reactor tank from solid tanks suspended in the reactor tank water. comprises a reactor tank 1 with external or internal main main circulation pumps, a core 3 with fuel elements 4, there being a drop gap between the moderator tank 15 and the reactor tank wall 17 which form a flow path for the circulation,, further there is a partition wall 14 in the drop gap 15 and that a purification means 19 is placed in the partition wall 14, the pressure difference across said partition wall driving a desolation through said purification means, the purification means purifying the reactor tank water n of polluting solid particles, characterized in that the purification means 19 consists of a purifier which purifies reactor tank water. in that the reactor tank water passing through the cleaner is set in rotation in the cleaner and thereby separates particles having a higher density than the reactor tank water from the reactor tank water, the particles remaining in the cleaner. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the cleaning means 19 consists of a cyclone comprising the inlet pipe 41, the tangential inlet 43 leading into the cyclone chamber 42 which is enclosed by the wall 46 which connects to the cone 47 and the collection chamber 48. 6) Device for in a nuclear power reactor pure reactor tank water in the reactor tank from solid particles suspended in the reactor tank water, the reactor tank comprising a reactor tank 1 with internal main circulation pumps, a hearth 3 with fuel elements 4, a gap between the moderator tank 15 and the reactor tank wall 17 forming a flow path. Separating the low pressure side 13 of the core from the high pressure side 18 of the core and that a cleaning means 19 is placed in the partition wall 14, the pressure difference across said partition wall driving a flow through said cleaning means, the cleaning means purifying the reactor tank water from polluting solid particles 13 therein. The cleaning means consists of a centrifugal purifier integrated in the impeller 60 of a circulation pump to a BWR reactor with internal circulation pumps comprising a centrifugal chamber 62 co-rotating with the impeller 60 which is surrounded by the impeller rotating wall 63 and the retaining elements 64.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE3715467A1|1987-05-08|1988-11-17|Siemens Ag|Pressure relief and filtering device for nuclear facilities, in particular for boiling-water reactors|
    JPH03242600A|1990-02-20|1991-10-29|Toshiba Corp|Boiling water reactor|
    JP2006023136A|2004-07-07|2006-01-26|Hitachi Ltd|Facility for capturing foreign matter in nuclear reactor pressure vessel|
    JP2006234406A|2005-02-22|2006-09-07|Hitachi Ltd|Method of collecting foreign matter|
    JP4265807B2|2006-06-12|2009-05-20|株式会社アーステクニカ|Pulverizer|
    DE102006038748B3|2006-07-22|2008-02-28|Areva Np Gmbh|Device for removing solid particles from the circulating in the primary circuit of a nuclear reactor cooling medium|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE0901071A|SE534434C2|2009-08-10|2009-08-10|Device for purifying reactor water in a nuclear reactor|SE0901071A| SE534434C2|2009-08-10|2009-08-10|Device for purifying reactor water in a nuclear reactor|
    EP10765861.9A| EP2465117B1|2009-08-10|2010-07-06|Nuclear power reactor vessel with an apparatus for cleaning circulating water in the reactor vessel|
    PCT/SE2010/050790| WO2011019313A1|2009-08-10|2010-07-06|An apparatus for cleaning water in a nuclear power reactor|
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